Source Notes

Chapter 21: Success

  1. 1. MSC, Apollo Spacecraft Program Quarterly Status Report No. 25, 30 Sept. 1968, p. 28.

  2. 2. NASA, Current News, 20 December 1968, p. 1; NASA, Astronautics and Aeronautics, 1969, p. 16.

  3. 3. NASA, Astronautics and Aeronautics, 1967, pp. 330-31 ; Phillips to Debus, 19 Aug. 1968.

  4. 4. KSC, "Apollo 9 (AS-504) Daily Status Reports," May-Oct. 1968.

  5. 5. Ibid., 8-26 Nov. 1968.

  6. 6. Ibid., 2-31 Dec. 1968.

  7. 7. Titusville Star-Advocate, 16 Dec. 1968.

  8. 8. Renaud interview, 16 May 1973.

  9. 9. Titusville Star-Advocate, 16 Dec. 1968.

  10. 10. 10. Ibid.

  11. 11. Ibid.

  12. 12. Ibid.

  13. 13. KSC, "Apollo 9 (AS-504) Daily Status Reports," 3-9 Jan. 1969.

  14. 14. Ibid., 10-11 Feb. 1969; KSC release 33-69, 4 Feb. 1969.

  15. 15. Ibid., 12, 20 Feb. 1969; KSC, Apollo/Saturn V Test and Checkout Plan, AS-504 and All Subsequent Missions, pp. 4-9 through 4-12; Widick interview, 15 Dec. 1970; KSC, Apollo/Saturn V Space Vehicle Countdown Demonstration Test (Apollo 9), p. vi.

  16. 16. KSC, "Apollo 9 Daily Status Report," 27-28 Feb. 1969; NASA, "Apollo 9 Postponement News Conference," 27 Feb. 1969, CST 12:05, pp. 9A/1 through 9C/2; KSC, Apollo/Saturn V Space Vehicle Countdown (Apollo 9), pp. v-vi.

  17. 17. KSC, Apollo/Saturn V Ground Systems Evaluation Report, Apollo 9, p. 2-1.

  18. 18. KSC, "Briefing for the Subcommittee on Manned Space Flight, Committee on Science and Astronautics, House of Representatives," 28 Feb. 1969, pp. 44-70.

  19. 19. Youmans interview, 5 Feb. 1971; Proffitt interview, 1 Dec. 1970; George Low to C. H. Bolender and K. S. Kleinknecht, "Chuck Mathews Review of KSC Activities," 14 Sept. 1968, JSC Archives, Apollo activity file.

  20. 20. KSC, Apollo/Saturn V Launch Operations Test and Checkout Requirements, AS-504 and All Subsequent Missions, document K-V-051-01, p. 1-1; Proffitt interview, 1 Dec. 1970.

  21. 21. Chart included in folder with John M. Marshall's interview with Henry C. Paul at KSC, 9 Dec. 1970, in KSC Historian's Office, illustrates graphically the growth of automation overall and of Atoll in particular for the period both before and subsequent to AS-504.

  22. 22. R. B. Johansen, "Developments in On-Board and Ground Checkout Systems," American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Cocoa Beach, FL, 2-4 Feb. 1970, AIAA paper 70-245, pp. 3-5; James E. Rorex and Robert P . Eichelberger, "Digital Data Acquisition System in Saturn V," in Proceedings of the Second Space Congress, 5-7 Apr. 1965, Cocoa Beach, FL, sponsored by Canaveral Council of Technical Societies, pp. 632-49; Debus, "Launching the Moon Rocket," p. 25.

  23. 23. W. V. George and C. A. Stinson, "An Automated Telemetry Checkout Station for the Saturn V Systems," NTC/66: Proceedings, National Telemetering Conference, Boston, 10-12 May 1966, p. 117.

  24. 24. NASA Proceedings of the Apollo Unified S-Band Technical Conference, p. 248; Edmund F. O'Conner, "Launch Vehicles for the Apollo Program," pp. 165-66; Walyer O. Frost, "SS-FM: A Telemetry Technique for Wide-Band Data," Institute of Radio Engineers, Transactions on Space Electronics and Telemetry, SET- 2 (Dec. 1962), p. 289, notes the first use of SS-FM telemetry on the SA-2 flight.

  25. 25. NASA, Proceedings of the Apollo Unified S-Band Technical Conference, p. 248.

  26. 26. Samuel C. Phillips to MSFC, 28 June 1965; Adolf H. Knothe, "Range Safety - Do We Need It?" American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Launch Operations Meeting, Cocoa Beach, FL, Feb. 1970, p. 3.

  27. 27. "Tracking and Data Acquisition," Spaceflight 11 (June 1969): 190; NASA, Proceedings of the Apollo Unified S-Band Technical Conference, p. 3.

  28. 28. "How We Will Communicate with Astronauts on the Moon," Space World, Jan. 1969, pp. 33, 35.

  29. 29. "Tracking and Data Acquisition," p. 190; NASA, Sixteenth Semiannual Report to Congress, 1 July-31 Dec. 1966, pp. 167-68.

  30. 30. Frank Leary, "Support Net for Manned Space Flight," Space/Aeronautics, Dec. 1966, pp. 71-72. KSC, "Apollo/Saturn V Launch Operations Plan," AS-501/502, pp. 7-18 through 7-20 contains a general description of the LIEF and ALDS systems and their relationship to each other and to operations at KSC.

  31. 31. Edmond C. Buckley to Mueller, 26 Aug. 1964.

  32. 32. Space Daily, 28 Jan. 1966, p. 177.

  33. 33. John F. Mason, "Modernizing the Missile Range: Part 1," Electronics, Feb. 1965, pp. 94-95.

  34. 34. This conclusion is derived from the chart shown in NASA, Proceedings of the Apollo Unified 5-Band Technical Conference, p. 296; NASA, Sixteenth Semiannual Report to Congress, 1 July-31 Dec. 1966, p. 165.

  35. 35. Twigg interview.

  36. 36. KSC, "Apollo 11 (AS-506) Daily Status Reports," Jan.-Apr. 1969; KSC, Kennedy Space Center Story, 1971 ed., p. 119.

  37. 37. NASA, Apollo Flight Summary Report, pp. 82-83.

  38. 38. KSC, "Apollo Program Milestone Data," 15 July 1973; KSC, "Apollo 11 Daily Status Reports," 20 May-4 July 1969.

  39. 39. KSC, Kennedy Space Center Story, 1971, pp. 121-25; Spaceport News, 23 July 1969.

  40. 40. Kennedy Space Center Story, 1971, pp. 222-23.

  41. 41. Ibid., p. 124; KSC, "Apollo Countdown Document, C-07."

  42. 42. Spaceport News, 23 July 1969.

  43. 43. Ibid.

  44. 44. Ibid., 30 July 1969.

  45. 45. Anne M. Lindbergh, Earthshine (Harcourt Brace Jovanovich: New York, 1969), pp. 42-43.

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